Hydrogen in Crystals. Monograph

Abstract

The work is devoted to a theoretical study of phase transformations in metal hydrides having a different crystal structure, as well as to an experimental study of their hydrogen capacity. The atomic ordering in alloys is theoretically investigated. The ordering features due to the presence of hydrogen are shown and explained. A formula is derived that determines the dependence of the solubility of hydrogen on the composition of the alloy, temperature and the degree of long-range atomic order in the lattice of the crystal. The solubilities of interstitial elements, which can be hydrogen, nitrogen, boron and carbon in alloys, are calculated. Isotherms, isobars, isoplets, isosters of the solubility of the interstitial elements, as well as the mutual influence on the solubility of various interstitial elements have been studied. Comparison of the results of calculations with experimental data showed their qualitative agreement. Practical use of metal hydride systems is shown. In Section 40, "The Use of Hydrogenation Processes of the C60 Fullerene Molecule for the Study of the Features of its Cycle Existence and Transformation," and the theory of the formation and transformation of spherical molecules have been developed. The materials of this article were published in an article in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, which was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2016 by the universities of twelve countries (Japan, Canada, USA, Brazil, Italy, China, Egypt, England, Germany, Argentina, South Africa, India).